Dementia, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's
Parkinson's Disease
Parkinson's disease results from a disruption in the system responsible for the coordination and harmony of movements. Although there is no loss of muscle strength, there are issues with the effective use of that strength. Excessive muscle contractions, slowness, and involuntary movements are common. Slowness and tremors dominate the clinical picture, and the flow of movement is disrupted. Since this condition affects all muscles in the body, it alters facial expressions, making them appear blank or unresponsive. The posture changes as well, with the head and shoulders tilting forward and downward. Initiating movement is difficult, and once started, it is challenging to regulate the speed. Walking involves small steps that may gradually quicken, often with shuffling, leading to stumbling and frequent falls. The automatic, coordinated swing of the arms during walking is lost. Tremors interfere with daily activities, making simple tasks like drinking water, using tools, dressing, and eating more difficult.
Parkinson's disease affects more than just voluntary movement; it also causes psychiatric symptoms, sleep disorders, gastrointestinal issues, and systemic problems such as dry skin.
Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease primarily relies on the patient's history and physical examination findings. If necessary, laboratory tests and radiological examinations may be conducted.
The treatment process for Parkinson's disease includes exercises, medical therapy, and surgical interventions. It is crucial to remember that exercise can be as effective as medication and should be integrated into daily life. Medical therapy is tailored through cooperation between the patient and physician, with adjustments made as the disease progresses. Surgical approaches are not suitable for every patient.
Apart from Parkinson's disease, there are other conditions that present Parkinson-like symptoms but are characterized by different underlying signs and symptoms. These conditions may respond differently to medical treatment and have distinct clinical courses.
